Flu in older people doesn't always look like the textbook version. While younger adults usually have a sudden high temperature, aches and a cough, an older person may simply seem more tired, off their food, or a little confused. Those subtle signs are easy to miss, and that's why spotting flu early matters so much.
The NHS advises that adults aged 65 and over with flu symptoms should ask for an urgent GP appointment or contact NHS 111. This guide explains what to look out for, when to get help, and how to support a loved one in Bristol through flu season.
Why flu can look different in later life
As we age, the immune system responds differently to infection. Some older people don't develop a high temperature even when they are quite unwell, and symptoms may come on more gradually. Long-term conditions such as heart disease, diabetes or COPD can also mask or worsen the signs.
Because of this, the people who know your loved one best, family and carers, are often the first to notice that something isn't right.
The classic symptoms of flu
According to the NHS, flu symptoms can come on very quickly and include:
- a sudden high temperature
- aching body
- feeling tired or exhausted
- a dry cough
- sore throat
- headache
- difficulty sleeping
- loss of appetite
The subtler signs carers watch for
In older people, flu may show up first as a change from their usual self. Carers often notice:
- Unusual tiredness. Sleeping much more than normal, or struggling to get out of bed.
- Not eating or drinking. Leaving meals, refusing drinks or losing interest in favourite foods.
- New confusion. Seeming muddled, forgetful or "not quite themselves", which can be a sign of infection.
- Feeling cold or shivery. Even without a high temperature.
- Becoming unsteady. Wobbliness, dizziness or a fall can be an early sign of illness.
- Breathing changes. Breathing faster than usual, or becoming breathless with everyday tasks.
- Withdrawing. Not wanting to talk, read or watch their usual programmes.
Any one of these on its own may have another cause. But if you notice a sudden change, especially during the winter months, it's worth taking seriously.
When to get help
Contact the GP or NHS 111 if your loved one is 65 or over and has flu symptoms, if symptoms haven't improved after seven days, or if you're worried.
- Call 999 if they have sudden chest pain, severe difficulty breathing, are coughing up blood, or are very confused or hard to wake.
Some people may be offered antiviral medicines if they are at higher risk from flu. These work best when started early, which is another reason to seek advice promptly.
Helping a loved one recover at home
- Rest. Encourage plenty of rest, in a warm, comfortable room.
- Fluids. Offer small, frequent drinks, as dehydration can develop quickly in older people.
- Food. Light, easy meals such as soup, toast or yoghurt, little and often.
- Warmth. Keep the rooms they use at a comfortable temperature, ideally at least 18°C.
- Medication. Paracetamol can help with aches and temperature, but check with a pharmacist that it's suitable alongside their usual medicines.
- Watch for changes. Keep an eye out for worsening breathing, confusion or not drinking.
Prevention is still the best protection
The free NHS flu jab is available to everyone aged 65 and over from 1 October 2026, along with carers and adults with certain health conditions. In Bristol, it can be booked through GP practices, community pharmacies, the NHS App or by calling 119. Regular handwashing and asking visitors with coughs and colds to stay away also help reduce the risk.
How live-in care helps
The biggest advantage of live-in care during flu season is that someone who knows your loved one well is there every day. A live-in carer notices when breakfast is left untouched, when they're sleeping more than usual or seem a little confused, and can contact the GP straight away, rather than days later.
If your loved one does become unwell, a carer can help them rest, keep them eating and drinking, manage medication and support their recovery at home. If you're not sure how it works, our guide to how live-in care works explains more.
FAQs about flu in older people
What are the first signs of flu in older people?
Early signs can include unusual tiredness, loss of appetite, new confusion, feeling cold or shivery and becoming unsteady, as well as classic symptoms such as a high temperature, aches and a dry cough.
Can older people have flu without a temperature?
Yes. Some older people don't develop a high temperature even when they have flu, which is why changes in behaviour, appetite or alertness are important signs to watch for.
When should an older person with flu see a doctor?
The NHS advises that adults aged 65 and over with flu symptoms should ask for an urgent GP appointment or contact NHS 111. Call 999 for chest pain, severe breathing difficulty or coughing up blood.
How long does flu last in older people?
Most people start to feel better within about a week, but older people can take longer to recover and may feel tired for some time afterwards.
Talk to our Bristol team
If you'd like to talk about how we could support your loved one at home this winter, our Bristol care team is here to help, with friendly, no-pressure advice.